SQL em Oracle > DML > SELECT > Consulta com SELECT
Consulta com SELECT tl_logo2.jpg

O comando SELECT extrai dados da base de dados, implementando os operadores da álgebra relacional.

Para ver todas as tabelas que o utilizador tem disponíveis podemos consultar DICTIONARY:

select * from dictionary;
TABLE_NAME                     COMMENTS
------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
USER_RESOURCE_LIMITS           Display resource limit of the user
USER_PASSWORD_LIMITS           Display password limits of the user
USER_CATALOG                   Tables, Views, Synonyms and Sequences owned by the user
ALL_CATALOG                    All tables, views, synonyms, sequences accessible to the user
USER_CLUSTERS                  Descriptions of user's own clusters
ALL_CLUSTERS                   Description of clusters accessible to the user
USER_CLU_COLUMNS               Mapping of table columns to cluster columns
USER_COL_COMMENTS              Comments on columns of user's tables and views
ALL_COL_COMMENTS               Comments on columns of accessible tables and views
USER_COL_PRIVS                 Grants on columns for which the user is the owner, grantor or grantee
ALL_COL_PRIVS                  Grants on columns for which the user is the grantor, grantee, owner,
                                or an enabled role or PUBLIC is the grantee
USER_COL_PRIVS_MADE            All grants on columns of objects owned by the user
ALL_COL_PRIVS_MADE             Grants on columns for which the user is owner or grantor
USER_COL_PRIVS_RECD            Grants on columns for which the user is the grantee
ALL_COL_PRIVS_RECD             Grants on columns for which the user, PUBLIC or enabled role is the grantee
ALL_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS          Encryption information on all accessible columns
USER_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS         Encryption information on columns of tables owned by the user
USER_DB_LINKS                  Database links owned by the user
ALL_DB_LINKS                   Database links accessible to the user
USER_INDEXES                   Description of the user's own indexes
ALL_INDEXES                    Descriptions of indexes on tables accessible to the user
USER_IND_COLUMNS               COLUMNs comprising user's INDEXes and INDEXes on user's TABLES
ALL_IND_COLUMNS                COLUMNs comprising INDEXes on accessible TABLES
USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS           Functional index expressions in user's indexes and indexes on user's tables
ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS            FUNCTIONAL INDEX EXPRESSIONs on accessible TABLES
USER_JOIN_IND_COLUMNS          Join Index columns comprising the join conditions
ALL_JOIN_IND_COLUMNS           Join Index columns comprising the join conditions
USER_OBJECTS                   Objects owned by the user
ALL_OBJECTS                    Objects accessible to the user
USER_PROCEDURES                Description of the users own procedures
ALL_PROCEDURES                 Description of all procedures available to the user
ALL_STORED_SETTINGS            Parameter settings for objects accessible to the user
USER_STORED_SETTINGS           Parameter settings for objects owned by the user
USER_PLSQL_OBJECT_SETTINGS     Compiler settings of stored objects owned by the user
ALL_PLSQL_OBJECT_SETTINGS      Compiler settings of stored objects accessible to the user
ALL_ARGUMENTS                  Arguments in object accessible to the user
USER_ARGUMENTS                 Arguments in object accessible to the user
USER_RESUMABLE                 Resumable session information for current user
USER_ROLE_PRIVS                Roles granted to current user
USER_SYS_PRIVS                 System privileges granted to current user
USER_SEQUENCES                 Description of the user's own SEQUENCEs
ALL_SEQUENCES                  Description of SEQUENCEs accessible to the user
USER_SYNONYMS                  The user's private synonyms
ALL_SYNONYMS                   All synonyms for base objects accessible to the user and session
USER_TABLES                    Description of the user's own relational tables
USER_OBJECT_TABLES             Description of the user's own object tables
USER_ALL_TABLES                Description of all object and relational tables owned by the user's
ALL_TABLES                     Description of relational tables accessible to the user
ALL_OBJECT_TABLES              Description of all object tables accessible to the user
ALL_ALL_TABLES                 Description of all object and relational tables accessible to the user
USER_TAB_COLS                  Columns of user's tables, views and clusters
ALL_TAB_COLS                   Columns of user's tables, views and clusters
USER_TAB_COLUMNS               Columns of user's tables, views and clusters
ALL_TAB_COLUMNS                Columns of user's tables, views and clusters
USER_NESTED_TABLE_COLS         Columns of nested tables
ALL_NESTED_TABLE_COLS          Columns of nested tables
USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS        Columns of user's tables, views and clusters
ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS         Columns of user's tables, views and clusters
USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS            Histograms on columns of user's tables
ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS             Histograms on columns of all tables visible to user
USER_TAB_COMMENTS              Comments on the tables and views owned by the user
ALL_TAB_COMMENTS               Comments on tables and views accessible to the user
USER_TAB_PRIVS                 Grants on objects for which the user is the owner, grantor or grantee
ALL_TAB_PRIVS                  Grants on objects for which the user is the grantor, grantee, owner,
                                or an enabled role or PUBLIC is the grantee
...

Para vermos quais as tabelas do utilizador consultamos a vista USER_TABLES. Para vermos todos os objectos do utilizador consultamos a vista USER_OBJECTS:

select object_name,object_type,created,last_ddl_time,status
from user_objects;
OBJECT_NAME       OBJECT_TYPE        CREATED   LAST_DDL_ STATUS
----------------- ------------------ --------- --------- -------
BONUS             TABLE              12-OCT-02 12-OCT-02 VALID
DEPT              TABLE              12-OCT-02 12-OCT-02 VALID
DUMMY             TABLE              12-OCT-02 12-OCT-02 VALID
EMP               TABLE              12-OCT-02 12-OCT-02 VALID
SALGRADE          TABLE              12-OCT-02 12-OCT-02 VALID

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Para listar todos os números de departamento, nomes de empregado e número do chefe da tabela de Empregados (EMP):

select deptno,ename,mgr
from emp;
    DEPTNO ENAME             MGR
---------- ---------- ----------
        20 SMITH            7902
        30 ALLEN            7698
        30 WARD             7698
        20 JONES            7839
        30 MARTIN           7698
        30 BLAKE            7839
        10 CLARK            7839
        20 SCOTT            7566
        10 KING
        30 TURNER           7698
        20 ADAMS            7788
        30 JAMES            7698
        20 FORD             7566
        10 MILLER           7782

14 rows selected.

Para listar todas as colunas da tabela  emp:

SELECT *
FROM emp;
    EMPNO ENAME      JOB             MGR HIREDATE        SAL      COMM    DEPTNO
--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
     7369 SMITH      CLERK          7902 17-DEC-80       800                  20
     7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN       7698 20-FEB-81      1600       300        30
     7521 WARD       SALESMAN       7698 22-FEB-81      1250       500        30
     7566 JONES      MANAGER        7839 02-APR-81      2975                  20
     7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN       7698 28-SEP-81      1250      1400        30
     7698 BLAKE      MANAGER        7839 01-MAY-81      2850                  30
     7782 CLARK      MANAGER        7839 09-JUN-81      2450                  10
     7788 SCOTT      ANALYST        7566 09-DEC-82      3000                  20
     7839 KING       PRESIDENT           17-NOV-81      5000                  10
     7844 TURNER     SALESMAN       7698 08-SEP-81      1500         0        30
     7876 ADAMS      CLERK          7788 12-JAN-83      1100                  20
     7900 JAMES      CLERK          7698 03-DEC-81       950                  30
     7902 FORD       ANALYST        7566 03-DEC-81      3000                  20
     7934 MILLER     CLERK          7782 23-JAN-82      1300                  10

14 rows selected.

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Realizado por Turtle Learning ®. Última alteração em 2011-02-26